The Inquisition burned a lord of Texcoco in 1539 after his own relatives testified against him, and the map drawn for the fight over his land is in the Library of Congress

Don Carlos Ometochtzin Chichimecatecuhtli belonged to the ruling family of Texcoco, one of the three cities of the Aztec Triple Alliance. In 1539 Juan de Zumárraga, first bishop of Mexico, tried him under his inquisitorial powers. Two of his sisters accused him of trying to take his sister-in-law by force. His wife said he had kept his niece Inés as a concubine and had two children with her. The people of Chiconautla, ruled by one of his sisters and her husband, accused him of idolatry. He admitted the concubinage and denied the idolatry. He was acquitted of idolatry but convicted of heretical teaching, and burned on 30 November 1539. He was the only Indigenous defendant among Zumárraga's 19 trials handed over for execution. The Council of the Indies reprimanded Zumárraga and sent an inspector to take away his inquisitorial powers, and from 1571 Indigenous people were outside the Inquisition's jurisdiction. His death opened a fight over his Oztoticpac estate in Texcoco. Pedro de Vergara sued the Holy Office for fruit trees on the estate. A map drawn on amatl paper about 1540 for the case shows fields with their measurements and owners, houses, palaces, and twenty trees grafted with European apples, quinces, pears, grapes and pomegranates. Which side won is not known. The map is in the Library of Congress in Washington and is on display in its exhibition "Exploring the Early Americas".