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Case file s644 · Medieval Europe · 1137
1137
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Church of Fontevraud Abbey Eleanor of Aquitaine effigy
Eleanor of Aquitaine. Adam Bishop. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
9 April 1137 (William X, duke of Aquitaine)
Place
Bordeaux, France
Field
duchy of Aquitaine and Poitou · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
feudal inheritance by an heiress; canon law annulment for consanguinity · Customary law · Royal and church law
Historical event
The Angevin empire
Religion
Eleanor of Aquitaine: Other Christian (recorded as Christianity on Wikidata)

Eleanor inherited Aquitaine at about 13, took it back when France annulled her marriage, and married the future king of England eight weeks later

William X, duke of Aquitaine, died on Good Friday, 9 April 1137, on pilgrimage to Santiago de Compostela. His eldest daughter Eleanor, about 13, inherited Aquitaine and Poitou. He had placed her under the protection of King Louis VI of France. Louis VI married her to his son Louis on 25 July 1137 in Bordeaux to bring her lands under Capetian control. A week later Louis VI died, and she was queen of France. She had two daughters with Louis VII and no son. On 21 March 1152 a church synod at Beaugency annulled the marriage on grounds of consanguinity. The daughters stayed with Louis, and her lands were restored to her. On 18 May 1152 she married Henry, duke of Normandy, at Poitiers, and Aquitaine passed with her to him. In 1154 he became Henry II of England. After she backed her sons' revolt of 1173, Henry imprisoned her until his death in 1189. As a widow she governed Aquitaine and backed her sons Richard and John. She died in 1204 and was buried at Fontevraud Abbey. Her painted effigy, which she commissioned with those of Henry II and Richard, still lies in the abbey church.

What the law took from it

An heiress whose land stayed in her own name could take it out of one royal family and into another.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Eleanor inherited Aquitaine at about 13, took it back when France annulled her marriage, and married the future king of England eight weeks later,” story s644, https://www.celebrity.estate/eleanor-1137, updated 30 October 2026.

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