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Case file s46 · Explorers · 1779
1779
James Cook: Captain James Cook, 1728-79 title QS:P1476,en:"Captain James Cook, 1728-79 "label QS:Len,"Captain James Cook, 1728-79 "
James Cook. Nathaniel Dance-Holland. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
14 February 1779
Place
Kealakekua Bay, Hawaii · United States
Field
navigator · Military on the timeline
Legal tradition
English common law · Common law
Historical event
Cook's third Pacific voyage
Member of
Royal Society of London (Wikidata)

Captain Cook's body was returned in pieces, and his widow outlived all six children and destroyed his letters before she died in 1835

James Cook married Elizabeth Batts on 21 December 1762. In 17 years of marriage they lived together about four years. Cook was killed at Kealakekua Bay on 14 February 1779. His body was cut up, partly burnt and divided among the chiefs. A priest secretly returned part of a thigh. Days later more remains came back to the Resolution: legs, arms, skull and hands. The crew buried them at sea in the bay. Elizabeth received a £200 annual pension, which Wikipedia attributes to the Admiralty and museum sources to the Crown†, and in 1785 a coat of arms was granted to Cook's descendants. None survived. Joseph, George and Elizabeth died as small children. Nathaniel, 16, was lost with HMS Thunderer in a hurricane in October 1780. Hugh, 17, died of scarlet fever at Christ's College, Cambridge, on 21 December 1793. James drowned on 25 January 1794. Elizabeth moved to Clapham and destroyed all her private papers and her correspondence with her husband. She died on 13 May 1835, aged 93, and was buried at St Andrew the Great, Cambridge, between two sons. Her will paid for the minister, five poor aged women of the parish and the family monument. The charity ran until 4 May 2021, when its assets went to the parish church council. An arrow said since 1824 to contain Cook's leg bone was tested by the Australian Museum in 2004 and contained no human DNA. No direct line of Cook's survives in 2026.

What the law took from it

A widow who outlives every heir decides what records survive, and she left the money to a parish charity.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Captain Cook's body was returned in pieces, and his widow outlived all six children and destroyed his letters before she died in 1835,” story s46, https://www.celebrity.estate/captain-cook-1779, updated 30 October 2026.

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