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Case file s757 · India and South Asia · 1909
1909
Bhawal prince: Photograph, circa early 1900s, of Ramendranarayan Roy, prince of Bhawal estate, (currently Gazipur District, Bangladesh)
Bhawal prince. Unknown author. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
8 May 1909 (reported)
Place
Darjeeling; Bhawal estate, Joydebpur (Gazipur), Bangladesh
Field
Landowner (Bhawal zamindari) · Land and agriculture on the timeline
Legal tradition
British Indian civil law; Hindu widow's estate; Privy Council appeal · Civil law · Hindu law
Historical event
The Bhawal Sannyasi case, one of the longest identity trials of the British Empire

A Bengal prince was cremated in 1909, a holy man claimed to be him, and the Privy Council confirmed it in 1946; he died two days later

The Bhawal estate was the second largest zamindari in Dhaka district. Ramendra Narayan Roy, the second of three brothers, held a one-third share. In April 1909 he went to Darjeeling with his wife Bibhabati Devi. On 8 May he was reported dead, by her account of tertiary syphilis, and cremated the next morning. Witnesses later said a storm interrupted the cremation. Bibhabati held his share from 1909. In 1920 or 1921 a sannyasi (ascetic) appeared in Dhaka and was accepted by relatives and tenants as the prince. He said ascetics had rescued him from the pyre. A forensic report found 19 of 21 physical marks matched. Bibhabati called him an impostor and never met him. He sued in Dhaka in 1930. After a trial of 608 days, Judge Panna Lal Basu ruled on 24 August 1936 that he was the prince. The Calcutta High Court dismissed the widow's appeal on 25 November 1940, with Justice Lodge dissenting. On 30 July 1946 the Privy Council dismissed her final appeal. It held that a widow's possession under a mistaken belief in her husband's death was not adverse to the living husband. Two days later he had a stroke and died. Bibhabati regarded his death as punishment for imposture and refused Rs 800,000 from the estate†.

What the law took from it

A death never proved by a body leaves the estate open to anyone who can prove he is the dead man.

Record vs. record

The suit date is given as 24 April 1930 (Daily Star, Wikipedia) and 24 July 1930 (Privy Council judgment as reproduced); Banglapedia dates the trial verdict to 22 December 1937:

Sources
  1. CaseMineCourt record
  2. thedailystar.netPress
  3. en.banglapedia.orgPress
  4. Wikipedia (English)Encyclopedia

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “A Bengal prince was cremated in 1909, a holy man claimed to be him, and the Privy Council confirmed it in 1946; he died two days later,” story s757, https://www.celebrity.estate/bhawal-sannyasi-1909, updated 30 October 2026.

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