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Case file s802 · Russia and Byzantium · 972
972
Yaropolk murder: Murder of Yaropolk
Yaropolk murder. Boris Chorikov. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
972 (Sviatoslav I)
Place
Kyiv and Ovruch, Ukraine; Novgorod, Russia
Field
princes of Kyivan Rus' · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
Rurikid custom of dividing a ruler's lands among his sons
Historical event
War of Sviatoslav's sons, 977 to 980
Religion
Sviatoslav I: Other (recorded as Slavic religion on Wikidata)

Sviatoslav split Rus' among three sons, and within eight years one had died in battle with his brother and another was killed on the third brother's orders

Yaropolk, son of Sviatoslav I, ruled Kyiv from 970. His brother Oleh held the Derevlian land and his half-brother Volodymyr held Novgorod. Sviatoslav died in 972, and Yaropolk became ruler of all Rus'. He sent envoys to the imperial assembly at Quedlinburg in 973 and received a papal delegation in Kyiv in 979. In 977 Oleh killed the son of Yaropolk's commander Sveneld. Yaropolk marched against him, and Oleh died near Ovruch when he fell from his horse into a moat during the battle. Yaropolk took the Derevlian land and Novgorod, and Volodymyr fled to Scandinavia. In 980 Volodymyr came back with a Varangian force and retook Novgorod. He took Polotsk, where Prince Rogvolod was killed, and married Rogvolod's daughter Rohnida. He then captured Kyiv. Yaropolk fled to Roden and was murdered there on Volodymyr's orders. Volodymyr became grand prince and married Yaropolk's Greek widow. Her son Sviatopolk was counted among Volodymyr's 11 sons, but modern scholars think he was probably Yaropolk's. When Volodymyr died in 1015, Sviatopolk seized Kyiv (story 4). In 1044 Yaroslav the Wise, Volodymyr's son, had the remains of his uncles Yaropolk and Oleh exhumed, baptised and reburied in the Church of the Tithes in Kyiv.

What the law took from it

Dividing an estate among sons without a rule for who is senior turned three inheritances into one, held by the brother who killed for it.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Sviatoslav split Rus' among three sons, and within eight years one had died in battle with his brother and another was killed on the third brother's orders,” story s802, https://www.celebrity.estate/sviatoslav-972, updated 30 October 2026.

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