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Case file s809 · Russia and Byzantium · 1393
1393
Gisant de Léon V d'Arménie: Gisant de Léon V d'Arménie
Gisant de Léon V d'Arménie. Yair Haklai. CC BY-SA 4.0, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
29 November 1393
Place
Paris, France
Field
royal title, Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
Castilian life grant of lordship (señorío vitalicio); Lusignan dynastic succession · Civil law
Historical event
Mamluk conquest of Sis (1375) and the end of the Armenian Kingdom of Cilicia

The last king of Armenia was ransomed from Cairo, made lord of Madrid for life, and his title passed to the kings of Cyprus

Levon (Leo) of Lusignan was crowned king of Cilician Armenia at Sis on 14 September 1374, first by a Latin bishop and then by the Catholicos. Some Armenian nobles preferred Mamluk rule to a Catholic king. After a siege, Levon surrendered Sis on 13 April 1375 and was taken to Cairo with his family. His wife and daughter died during seven years of captivity. In 1382 King John I of Castile paid his ransom. John granted him the lordships of Madrid, Andújar and Villa Real and 150,000 maravedís a year, for his lifetime only. Madrid's residents objected to a foreign lord, and John promised the town would never again be separated from the Crown of Castile. Levon moved to Paris in 1384, where Charles VI gave him the castle of Saint-Ouen and a pension. He died in Paris on 29 November 1393 and was buried in the Célestins convent in a tomb Charles VI had built. The Andújar lordship ended with his death. His title of King of Armenia passed to his cousin James I of Cyprus, formally in 1396 at Saint Sophia cathedral, and the Armenian lion was added to the Cypriot royal arms. He left two sons born outside marriage, Guy and Stephan, who did not inherit the title. The Célestins church was desecrated in the French Revolution. His tombstone was recovered, and in 1815 a cenotaph with his effigy was placed in the Basilica of Saint-Denis, where it stands today.

What the law took from it

A life grant ends at death, so a dispossessed king's income in exile died with him and his only heritable asset was the title.

Record vs. record

The Armenian Prelacy says the Célestins tomb was desecrated and a new cenotaph set up at Saint-Denis in 1815: | El Español says his remains still rest at Saint-Denis:

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “The last king of Armenia was ransomed from Cairo, made lord of Madrid for life, and his title passed to the kings of Cyprus,” story s809, https://www.celebrity.estate/leo-v-of-armenia-1393, updated 30 October 2026.

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