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Case file s781 · Latin America · 1867
1867
Maximilian I of Mexico: Maximilian of Mexico bw
Maximilian I of Mexico. Original glass negative (LC-BH824-4754) made by Andrew Burgess, one of Mathew Brady's oper. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
19 June 1867
Place
Mexico City, Mexico
Field
heir designate of the Mexican Empire · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
Mexican imperial decree; Spanish-derived guardianship (tutela) · Civil law
Historical event
Second Mexican Empire
Religion
Maximilian I of Mexico: Catholic (recorded as Catholicism on Wikidata)
Member of
Austrian Academy of Sciences (Wikidata)

Maximilian made the two-year-old grandson of Mexico's first emperor a prince and his ward, and the boy died a Georgetown language teacher with no children

Agustín de Iturbide was crowned Mexico's first emperor in 1822, overthrown in 1823 and shot in 1824. His son Ángel married an American, Alice Green, and their son Agustín was born in Mexico City on 2 April 1863. Maximilian and Charlotte had no children. Under a family agreement called the Pact of Chapultepec, the boy was placed in their care†. A decree signed by Maximilian on 16 September 1865 made Agustín, his cousin Salvador and their aunt Josefa "Princes of Iturbide" with the style of Highness, ranked after the reigning family. Article 3 read: "This title is not hereditary." Article 4 made the emperor guardian of the two boys, with Josefa as co-guardian. His father agreed willingly and his mother reluctantly†. Spanish Wikipedia states that these three were the only Iturbides allowed to live in Mexico†. After the empire fell in 1867, his parents sent him to school in England, and he later studied at Georgetown. As an adult he served as a Mexican army officer. In 1890 he was jailed for sedition after criticising President Porfirio Díaz, then expelled. He taught Spanish and French at Georgetown, married twice and had no children. He died in Washington on 3 March 1925 and was buried in Philadelphia beside his grandmother, Empress Ana María. His claim passed to his cousin Salvador's daughter†.

What the law took from it

A title declared non-hereditary in the grant ends with the holder, whatever the family believes.

Record vs. record

English Wikipedia gives 14 months in prison and Spanish Wikipedia 11:

Sources
  1. es.wikisource.orgScholarship
  2. Wikipedia (English)Encyclopedia
  3. Wikipedia (Spanish)Encyclopedia

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Maximilian made the two-year-old grandson of Mexico's first emperor a prince and his ward, and the boy died a Georgetown language teacher with no children,” story s781, https://www.celebrity.estate/iturbide-heir-1867, updated 30 October 2026.

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