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Case file s1191 · Heirlooms and treasure · 1362
1362
Imperial State Crown of Queen Victoria (2): Imperial State Crown of Queen Victoria, the state crown used by British monarchs from 1838 to 1937
Imperial State Crown of Queen Victoria (2). Unknown author. Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
25 or 27 April 1362 (Muhammad VI of Granada, known as Abu Said)
Place
Tablada, near Seville, Spain; London, England
Field
gemstone · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
Castilian royal treasure; English crown jewels · Common law · Civil law · Royal and church law
Historical event
Castilian Civil War and the Battle of Nájera, 1367
Member of
Order of the Garter (Wikidata)

Legend: this account comes from tradition, an epic or an old chronicle. Records do not prove it happened as told.

Tradition says Pedro the Cruel took the "Black Prince's Ruby" from a Granadan sultan he killed with his own lance; it is a spinel in the front of Britain's crown

The stone called the Black Prince's Ruby is a red spinel of about 170 carats, not a ruby. Muhammad VI of Granada, known to the Castilians as Abu Said, fled to Seville in April 1362 with most of Granada's royal treasury. At Tablada, Peter I of Castile struck him with a lance, and 36 of his men were killed. The chronicler Pero López de Ayala wrote that the treasure was the main reason for the murder. Tradition says Peter took the spinel from the dead sultan†. In 1366 and 1367 Edward the Black Prince fought for Peter, who could not pay him. Tradition says Peter gave him the stone instead. That link was first suggested in the 1760s and is disputed. English records of 1377 list balas rubies from Spanish treasure. Henry V is said to have worn the stone at Agincourt in 1415†. A great balas ruby appears in Henry VIII's crown in a 1521 inventory. The Commonwealth broke up the crown jewels after 1649. In 1661 a large ruby was bought back for £400, possibly this stone. In 1838 it was set in the front of Queen Victoria's Imperial State Crown. It is in the Imperial State Crown in the Tower of London.

What the law took from it

A famous story about an heirloom can rest on one sentence written centuries later.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Tradition says Pedro the Cruel took the "Black Prince's Ruby" from a Granadan sultan he killed with his own lance; it is a spinel in the front of Britain's crown,” story s1191, https://www.celebrity.estate/black-princes-ruby-1362, updated 30 October 2026.

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