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Case file s999 · Japan and Southeast Asia · 1406
1406
Map of Indonesia, marked on the globe
Map of Indonesia. Addicted04. CC BY-SA 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
1406 (Bhre Wirabhumi, Saka 1328)
Place
Majapahit (Trowulan) and Blambangan, East Java, Indonesia
Field
throne, war indemnity · Military on the timeline
Legal tradition
Majapahit royal succession custom; Ming tributary law · Chinese and East Asian law · Royal and church law
Historical event
The Regreg (Paregreg) War, 1404 to 1406

Two heirs of Majapahit went to war, 170 Ming soldiers died in the crossfire, and China billed the winner 60,000 liang of gold

Hayam Wuruk, king of Majapahit, died in 1389. His nephew and son-in-law Wikramawardhana took the throne at the western palace. Bhre Wirabhumi, Hayam Wuruk's son by a secondary wife, ruled from the eastern palace. The Pararaton records that the two quarrelled and stopped speaking. Both sent tribute to China: the Ming Shi-lu records envoys from "the Western king" and "the Eastern king" of Java in January 1406. The Pararaton says the western forces took the eastern palace, Wirabhumi fled by boat at night, was overtaken, killed and brought to Majapahit, in Saka 1328 (1406), the year of the great Paregreg. A Ming fleet's men had gone ashore to trade in the east. The Ming Shi-lu, for 23 October 1407, says 170 of them were killed by the western king's troops. The Yongle Emperor wrote that the western king had "without authority eliminated him and occupied his land" and ordered him to pay 60,000 liang of gold or face an army, citing what happened in Annam. On 23 December 1408 the envoy brought 10,000 liang. The Ministry of Rites said 50,000 was still owed. The emperor cancelled the rest: "Of what benefit is their gold?" Wikramawardhana kept the throne. His daughter Suhita later ruled Majapahit. The capital at Trowulan is now an archaeological site.

What the law took from it

A succession war can create debts to outsiders that the winner inherits with the throne.

Sources
  1. jv.wikisource.orgScholarship
  2. epress.nus.edu.sgScholarship
  3. epress.nus.edu.sgScholarship
  4. epress.nus.edu.sgScholarship
  5. epress.nus.edu.sgScholarship
  6. Wikipedia (English)Encyclopedia

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Two heirs of Majapahit went to war, 170 Ming soldiers died in the crossfire, and China billed the winner 60,000 liang of gold,” story s999, https://www.celebrity.estate/two-heirs-of-majapahit-went-to-1406, updated 30 October 2026.

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