celebrity.estateAn EGRET.LAW propertyWorld map3D timeline
Home / Scripture and the ancient world / King Pygmalion of Tyre killed his sister's husband for his buried gold, and she sailed away…
Case file s1464 · Scripture and the ancient world · 814 BCE
814 BCE
Dido building Carthage - JMW Turner: Dido building Carthage - JMW Turner (1815) oil painting
Dido building Carthage - JMW Turner. J.M.W. Turner (1815). Public domain, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
c. 814 BC (Timaeus's date for the founding of Carthage)
Place
Tyre, Lebanon, and Carthage, Tunisia
Field
royal treasure, kingship · Royalty and nobility on the timeline
Legal tradition
Tyrian royal succession; Phoenician priestly office · Royal and church law
Historical event
The founding of Carthage

King Pygmalion of Tyre killed his sister's husband for his buried gold, and she sailed away with it after dumping sacks of sand into the sea

Justin's epitome of Pompeius Trogus says a king of Tyre named his son Pygmalion and his daughter Elissa as joint heirs, but the people gave the throne to Pygmalion, then a boy. Elissa married her uncle Acerbas, priest of Hercules, the office next to the king's. Acerbas had buried his gold in the earth for fear of the king. Pygmalion heard the rumour and murdered him. Elissa hid her hatred and asked to move into her brother's house. Pygmalion agreed, expecting the gold to come with her. She loaded his attendants onto ships, sailed out at night, and had them throw sacks of sand into the sea as if they were the treasure. Then she told them the king would torture and kill them for losing it, and they fled with her. At Cyprus a priest of Jupiter joined her for a hereditary priesthood, and she seized about eighty young women as wives for her men. In Africa she bought as much ground as an ox-hide could cover, cut the hide into strips and enclosed the hill called Byrsa. When the Libyan king Hiarbas demanded her in marriage on threat of war, she built a pyre and killed herself with a sword. Virgil names her husband Sychaeus and says his ghost showed her the treasure. Josephus, citing Menander, dates her flight to Pygmalion's seventh year. Historian Dexter Hoyos says the story "quite possibly rests on a basic historical reality." Byrsa hill stands in the ruins of Carthage.

What the law took from it

Wealth hidden from a ruler is safe only until the ruler hears the rumour.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “King Pygmalion of Tyre killed his sister's husband for his buried gold, and she sailed away with it after dumping sacks of sand into the sea,” story s1464, https://www.celebrity.estate/pygmalion-814-bc, updated 30 October 2026.

Related cases

Each one shares a person, a kind of fight, a subject, a period or a place with this case. The line under each headline says which.

2010-06-21 06-37-33 Israel Herodium JH (52775611124): Herodium - an ancient Jewish fortress and town author: Jan Helebrant location: West Bank, Israel <a href="http://www.juhele4 BCE · Jericho; buried at Herodium, West BankHerod the Great executed three sons, changed his will in his last days, and died five days after the last execution; Augustus split his kingdom among the survivorsShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; same era, ancient world; also Middle EastJosephus says Herod had his sons Alexander and Aristobulus taken to Sebaste and strangled, and their bodies carried at night to the family tomb at Alexandrium. His son Antipater was later held in chains for plotting against him.perseus.tufts.edu and 6 moreBattle of Cunaxa: Battle of Cunaxa401 BCE · Cunaxa, near Babylon, IraqCyrus the Younger's mother argued he was born to a reigning king; his elder brother got the throne, killed him at Cunaxa and cut off his head and handShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; same era, ancient world; also Middle EastHerodotus says that Darius I's sons quarrelled over the succession before his planned war on Egypt and Athens.perseus.tufts.edu and 4 moreCambyses II: Stela Cambyses Apis closeup522 BCE · Sikayauvatiš, Nisaya, Media, Iran; inscription at Behistun, Cambyses killed his brother Bardiya in secret; a man ruled Persia under the dead brother's name until Darius killed him and took the throneShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; same era, ancient world; also Middle EastCyrus the Great left two sons, Cambyses and Bardiya, whom the Greeks called Smerdis. Darius's Behistun inscription says Cambyses killed Bardiya and the people did not know it.perseus.tufts.edu and 7 moreSennacherib: Sanherib-tr-4271681 BCE · Nineveh (Mosul), IraqSennacherib named his younger son Esarhaddon heir; his elder sons killed him, and Esarhaddon then bound the empire by oath to his own chosen heirShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; same era, ancient world; also Middle EastEsarhaddon's own inscription says he was the youngest of his older brothers.oracc.museum.upenn.edu and 5 moreBoğazköy panorama: Boğazköy panorama 20241500 BCE · Hattusa (Boğazkale), TurkeyAfter four reigns of Hittite princes killing each other, King Telipinu wrote the order of succession into law and spared the men who had plotted against himShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; same era, ancient world; also Middle EastThe Proclamation of Telipinu sets out the history behind its own law. It says King Mursili destroyed Aleppo and Babylon and brought their captives and goods to Hattusa.Internet Archive and 2 moreHusayn Mosque, Karbala, Iraq 1765: A drawing of the Imam Husayn Mosque by German explorer Carsten Niebuhr during his travels to the Middle East. He drew this illustration of the Im680 · Karbala, IraqMu'awiya made his son Yazid heir to the caliphate; Muhammad's grandson al-Husayn refused to swear and was killed at Karbala with most of his family's menShared: murder and sudden death; crowns and succession; also Scripture and the ancient world; also Middle EastAl-Husayn was the son of Ali and of Muhammad's daughter Fatima (story 22). The caliph Mu'awiya, founder of the Umayyad dynasty, had made the people swear that his son Yazid would be his heir.Internet Archive and 2 more