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Case file s855 · Scripture and the ancient world · 30
30
Luke Tittensor: Luke Tittensor in 2014
Luke Tittensor. W!ZARD Radio Media. CC BY 3.0, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
no death; the father divides his property in his lifetime; placed at AD 30
Place
Judea (Luke 15 names no place) · Israel and Palestine
Field
family farm
Legal tradition
lifetime division of an estate (compare Mishnah Bava Batra 8:7; Sirach 33)
Historical event
The teaching of Jesus as recorded in the Gospel of Luke

Luke's parable of the prodigal son: a younger son took his inheritance while his father lived, spent it, came home, and the elder son objected

In Luke 15 Jesus tells of a man with two sons. The younger said, "give me the share of the property that will belong to me," and the father divided his assets between them. The son gathered everything, went to a distant country and wasted it. A famine came. He hired himself out to feed pigs and wanted to eat their pods. He decided to go home and ask to be treated as a hired hand. His father saw him far off, ran to him and kissed him. He ordered the best robe, a ring, sandals and the fatted calf. The elder son came in from the field, heard music and refused to go in. He said he had served for years and was never given even a young goat to celebrate with his friends, while this son, who had spent the family's property, got the fatted calf. The father answered, "Son, you are always with me, and all that is mine is yours." Jewish writing of the period warned against exactly this division. Ben Sira advised never to hand over property to a son in your lifetime and to divide an inheritance only at the end. The Mishnah allowed a father to write property to his sons "from today and after my death," so that neither he nor the son could sell it outright. In the parable the younger son's share is gone, and what remains belongs to the elder son.

What the law took from it

An advance on inheritance spent in full leaves the remaining estate to the siblings who waited.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Luke's parable of the prodigal son: a younger son took his inheritance while his father lived, spent it, came home, and the elder son objected,” story s855, https://www.celebrity.estate/prodigal-son-30, updated 30 October 2026.

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