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Home / Probate and trust law / Claimants to Hagnias's estate in Athens produced a forged will, lost, and then took the…
Case file s1406 · Probate and trust law · 350 BCE
350 BCE
AGMA Kleroterion: Kleroterion. This device was used for the jury selection system in Athens. Bronze identification tickets were inserted to indicate eligible jurors who were also d
AGMA Kleroterion. Marsyas. CC BY-SA 2.5, Wikimedia Commons.
Died
c. 350 BC, fourth century BC
Place
Athens, Greece
Field
landed wealth
Legal tradition
Athenian inheritance law (succession by degree of kinship; adoption into a family line)
Historical event
Athenian democracy of the fourth century BC

Claimants to Hagnias's estate in Athens produced a forged will, lost, and then took the estate by three or four votes

Two courtroom speeches tell this fight: Isaeus 11, On the Estate of Hagnias, and the speech Against Macartatus preserved among the works of Demosthenes. Hagnias of Oeon adopted a daughter and left a will: if anything happened to her, his estate would pass to Glaucon, his half-brother on his mother's side. The daughter inherited and died. The daughter of his cousin Eubulides sued Glaucon as Hagnias's nearest kin and was awarded the estate. Glaucus and Glaucon then produced a will, with Theopompus, another cousin, joining them. The court found the will spurious and they left court disgraced. Theopompus, Glaucon, Glaucus and a friend, Eupolemus, then signed a written agreement, deposited it with a third man, and summoned her before the archon. The water-clock gave their side four times her speaking time. There were four ballot boxes. Theopompus's box held three or four more votes than hers, and he took the estate. The orphan son of another cousin, Stratocles, sued Theopompus for half; Isaeus 11 is Theopompus's defence. Later the husband of Eubulides' daughter had their son adopted into Eubulides' line at the altar of Zeus Phratrius, and the boy sued Theopompus's son, Macartatus. Against Macartatus is that boy's case. The verdict is not recorded.

What the law took from it

A will that names an heir and a substitute still invites a fight when both are gone; Hagnias's estate was contested across two generations.

Cite as: celebrity.estate, “Claimants to Hagnias's estate in Athens produced a forged will, lost, and then took the estate by three or four votes,” story s1406, https://www.celebrity.estate/hagnias-350-bc, updated 30 October 2026.

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